Employee Compensation and Benefits Packages - 548 Words

Employee Compensation and Benefits Packages Introduction: A companys compensation and benefits package will likely be a great determinant of the quality of its personnel and the stake that these employees feel that they have in the hiring organization. This is why it is incumbent upon an organization to choose a compensation and benefits strategy that is at once consistent with internal values, needs and expectations and respects the external forces of industry standards, market context and geographical impact. Company Type: These factors must be taken together in developing a package for a firm such as ours. A small but growing company specializing in high end food delivery is in the process of expanding to a new facility. This will require new hires and more responsibilities for long-term personnel. Therefore, a new compensation approach is required. Because our company is located in a metropolitan area, it is also of importance that our compensation package be competitive within the context. There is a high variance from one major metropolitan area to another, but this context is uniformly likely to require a higher compensation package commensurate with the cost-of-living. As the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) (2013) reports, total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefit costs in private industry are included in this release for 15 combined and metropolitan statistical areas (CSAs and MSAs). Total compensation costs for the 15 metropolitan areas rangedShow MoreRelatedEmployee Compensation And Benefits Package Essay905 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction – Employee Compensation and Benefits This paper will outline an employee compensation and benefits package for a new hire for a secretary for the department. First, it will describe the organization I chose for designating a compensation package. Next, this paper will develop an employee compensation and benefits package for this new position. This paper will outline an employee compensation and benefits package for a new hire for a secretary for the department. First, it will describeRead MoreEmployee Compensation And Benefits Packages Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesEmployee Compensation and Benefits Organizations create compensation and benefits packages in order to attract the best talent. In today’s global economy it is imperative that organizations offer compensation packages that are competitive in order to recruit the very best talent in the world. However, in order to be successful, compensation packages must align with business strategies. Authors â€Å"Mathis, Jackson, and Valentine (2014) explain that an effective total rewards approach balances theRead MoreEmployee Compensation And Benefits Package944 Words   |  4 PagesEmployee Compensation and Benefits Package The organization for which I am designing the compensation package is a company that offers internet solution to customers in the domestic US market and the global market. The position that I am hiring is that of a company secretary. The secretary will be required to work in the office of the human resource manager and will handle all the papered and paperless documentation. The position comes with numerous benefits and packages as outlined herein. AfterRead MoreEmployee Compensation And Benefits Packages Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In today’s competitive workforce, compensation and benefit packages plays a crucial role on recruitment and retention for both the organization and the employee. Bumpbie finds itself in a situation where it could positively affect its employee’s morale, turnover rate and longevity; by making a strategic decision to implement compensation and benefit packages that will encourage current workers to stay and entice new applicants. Money is not always the inherent reason businesses experienceRead MoreEffectively Managing Employee Compensation and Benefit Packages1289 Words   |  6 Pageschallenge, for global organizations and the human resource department, is effectively managing employee compensation and benefits packages. Managing compensation structures has become an integral part of many organizations that conduct operations in the global market, as there are many considerations for the host country when sending expatriates abroad. It is imperative for organizations to develop global compensation structures that attract and retain quality employees while not impeding operations or diminishingRead MoreConsiderations for Compensation and Benefits1442 Words   |  6 PagesConsiderations for Compensation and Benefits Abstract Compensation is one of the most important considerations perspective employees will make prior to accepting a job offer. For this reason, another performance of Human Resource (HR) professionals is the compensation analysis. The focus of the analyst in this position is to use strategy in formulating compensation and benefits packages that are attractive and conducive to maintaining talented employees (Editorial Board, 2011). As another criticalRead MoreCompensation Of Memorial Hospital Savannah1075 Words   |  5 PagesCompensation Packages- Memorial Hospital Savannah HR is the one responsible of the development of the organization compensation system and of the development of the pay structures, programs and policies.an effective compensation system will be focused on compelling with the law, cost-effectiveness, provide equity in all aspects and enhancement of the organization (Flynn, 2015). Compensation packages can include bonuses, benefits like health insurance, retirement benefits, paid time off, and professionalRead MoreEmployee Benefit Plan Development : Employee Benefits Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesEmployee Benefit Plan Development â€Å"Understanding your employee’s perspective can go a long way towards increasing productivity and happiness† – Kathryn Minshew, founder of The Muse. In today’s highly competitive and robust job market, benefit programs have become an integral aspect of an employer’s total compensation package. In fact, an employer’s total benefit package plays just an important role in attracting and retaining talent for organizations as monetary compensation, according to a recentRead MoreHuman Resource Practices With Business Goals1363 Words   |  6 Pagesaligning business goals with employee motives, a well-rounded compensation plan precedes attainment of these business goals(Martocchio 3). As can be seen by this statement, compensation is a major concern for all players in the business world today. As a matter of fact, if a company fails to properly manage their compensation package they will find themselves being left behind by the competition. In particular, what exactly does being left behind in compensation and benefits mean? It stands that otherRead MoreMicrosoft Compensation and Benefit System1648 Words   |  7 PagesCompensation and Benefits System of Microsoft MGMT 365 February 23, 2014 Compensation and Benefit System of Microsoft Microsoft was founded in 1975, and is the worldwide leader in software, services, and solutions (Career). Microsoft is proud to offer great products and employ outstanding people. Previous Microsoft CEO, Steve Ballmer once said, â€Å"There are many things that are true about Microsoft. We have big goals, big dreams, and big aspirations for the future. We are both competitive

Effects Of Reading Instruction On The Literacy Development...

The Effects of Reading Instruction on Students of Low-Socioeconomic Status Amelia K.L. Reynolds Edmond, Oklahoma Abstract This paper explores related research in aspects of language acquisition, specifically, reading instruction and its effect on students who live in low socioeconomic environments. We will review the methods of explicit phonics and whole language to examine what, if any, is the more advantageous method of reading instruction for students who live in poverty. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the impacts of specific reading instruction on the literacy development of children and how socioeconomics restricts these impacts. The research reviewed was collected from peer review journals using the Central Search feature on the UCO Chambers Library website. The majority of the researcher’s findings came from EBSCOhost Education Research Complete and JSTOR: Journal Storage. Given the findings of this literature review, research suggests that explicit phonics instruction, when embedded in a whole language classroom, promotes growth in literacy skills among young c hildren. Research suggests that multisensory phonics, based on Orton-Gillingham Approach, promotes literacy growth for students who are at-risk, however, its impact within a whole language classroom are undetermined. This literature review suggests that multisensory phonics should be utilized in a whole language classroom to determine if its use promotes growth inShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Self Regulation Essay1986 Words   |  8 PagesThese skills encompass the constant observation of our thoughts and behaviours, knowledge of the demands of any situation, the capability to alter conditions of our current behaviour as required to achieve a goal or suit a situation and attention to how favourably the demands of a context are met (Evans Rosenbaum, 2008). The cultivation of self-regulation has critical implications on a child’s functioning in social situations. Effortful control in self-regulation encourages positive relationshipsRead Moreâ€Å"I Wanted to Go to School but My Parents Told Me, No Essays6683 Words   |  27 PagesPunjima woman, Western Australia†. (She refers to the Native Welfare taking away Aboriginal children of mixed descent. www.creativespirits.info) These mini essays will discuss Aboriginal Australian history and it’s connections to official education policies both past and present. What is the connection between official education policies and key events in Aboriginal Australian history? How have Aboriginal people responded to these policies? Key events in Aboriginal Australian historyRead MoreThe Implication of Paulo Freires Banking Concept to the 8.4.4 System of Education in Kenya9634 Words   |  39 Pagesthe critical soft-ware for development. But for it to play this role effectively there must be a cadre of competent teachers who have the zeal to see the learners fully grasp the contents presented and a curriculum which is convenient to the learners. Education is imparted to learners so as to bring them out of the dark cave of ignorance to the bright side of liberation. It is from this reason that the learner is taken through education so as to enhance his own development. Someone is considered toRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesReligion a. Religion divides more than it unites b. Religion and politics c. Science and religion 6. Terrorism a. Can terrorism ever be eradicated? 7. Sports a. True purpose of sports nowadays b. Sports and Media 8. Foreign Aid a. How effective is Foreign Aid? 9. Migration a. Is migration/having foreigners good? 10. Subjects a. Literature b. History c. Mathematics d. Universal language 11. Businesses a. Business morality b. Charities as businesses 12. DemocracyRead MoreBohlander/Snell-Managing Hr24425 Words   |  98 Pagesto consider. objective Identify the characteristics of a good international compensation plan. objective Explain how domestic and international HRM differ. objective Reconcile the difficulties of home- and host-country performance appraisals. objective Discuss the staffing process for individuals working internationally. objective Explain how labor relations differ around the world. PART 6 Expanding Human Resources Management Horizons 639 Managing Human ResourcesRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesBureau of Labor Statistics, http://stats.bls.gov/ecopro.table6.htm GLOBAL COMPETITION One major factor affecting these shifts is the globalization of economic forces. As seen the past few years, the collapse of Asian economies had significant effects on U.S.-based organizations. One estimate by U.S. government statisticians is that over 25% of all U.S. manufacturing workers hold jobs dependent on exporting goods to other countries. This is particularly true with more highly skilled, technicalRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 PagesOrganizational Challenges †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xxi Category 1—Leadership 1.1 1.2 Senior Leadership †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Governance and Social Responsibilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 3 Category 2—Strategic Planning 2.1 2.2 Strategy Development †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Strategy Deployment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 8 Category 3—Focus on Patients, Other Customers, and Markets 3.1 3.2 Patient, Other Customer, and Health Care Market Knowledge †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Patient and Other CustomerRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xviii Organizational Challenges †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xxi Category 1—Leadership 1.1 1.2 Senior Leadership †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Governance and Social Responsibilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 3 Category 2—Strategic Planning 2.1 2.2 Strategy Development †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Strategy Deployment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 8 Category 3—Focus on Patients, Other Customers, and Markets 3.1 3.2 Patient, Other Customer, and Health Care Market Knowledge †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Patient and Other Customer RelationshipsRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesto customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Hence it can be surmised that marketing is basically meeting unmet needs for target markets, identifying those unmet needs and planning how to meet them through products, services, and ideas. Communicating the value to them along with pricing which is affordable and profitable and also distributing the products so that customers have appropriate accessibility and have quick and easy deliveryRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCreating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint

Never Defeated Free Essays

Although these words may seem simple, the readers of this novel can learn so much from them. There is a significant difference between these terms, and Santiago thoughts. Words. We will write a custom essay sample on Never Defeated or any similar topic only for you Order Now And actions from the beginning to end of the novel are key examples of the differentiation. Santiago, the protagonist of the novel, is a wise old fisherman who has gone eighty-four consecutive days without catching a single fish. One would think that after so many unsuccessful days that Santiago spirit would be shattered, but day after day of the extensive fishing drought the old man refuses to let it bring him down. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color s the sea and were cheerful and undefeated† (Hemingway 10). Instead of giving up and quitting, Santiago decides to head back out into the waters and is set on changing his luck. On the eighty-fifth day, Santiago finds himself in a face off against an eighteen-foot long marlin; however, he is not able to bring the marlin in right away due to its large size and ability to fight back against him. The struggle between Santiago and the humongous fish goes on for what seems like a never ending thr ee days. Santiago isn’t Just up against the fish; however, but also is in a constant battle tit hunger, exhaustion, and deep cuts on his hands. Nevertheless, he continues to have faith, hope, and trust in himself that he will persevere and conquer all the challenges despite the circumstances. â€Å"It is silly not to hope. I believe It Is a sin† (Hemingway 104). After three tiring days, Santiago ends up catching the marlin, which was the biggest fish he had ever seen. Although he was in lots of pain, was exhausted, and felt beat up, he never once was defeated. After Santiago reels In the big fish, he faces another hurdle: getting home. The fight against the fish was a usurious task, but none of his struggles would compare to what he would have to fight through to get back. In order to obtain the marlin, Santiago had to thrust his harpoon Into Its side, which caused the marlin’s blood to coat the waves. The fish blood attracts sharks, resulting In countless shark attacks that Santiago had to fight off. However, he still perseveres. â€Å"I’ll fight them until the day I die† (Hemingway 115). After battling the sharks with any defensive object on board he could find, the only thing that is left of the marlin is its skeleton. All the meat from the fish that could eve Ted so many people was t tort the sharks. Santiago and a connection to the fish due to all the struggling they suffered through together; therefore, when the sharks are eating the marlin, Santiago feels destroyed as well. Although the sharks may have won over the flesh of the marlin, nothing could take away the victory of catching the great fish from Santiago. Santiago, like the fish, may have been a bit physically destroyed, but mentally he is never defeated. Even when it looked like all hope was lost, his bravery and dignity kept him going all the way to the finish line. Santiago accomplishment was something so permanent, that he became undetectable. Throughout the novel, Santiago faced many struggles, but he never lost hope and never gave up. His determination, work ethic, and positive attitude all led him to overcoming the greatest challenge he had and would ever face. Each and every moment, Santiago did whatever he had to do to the best of his ability in order to achieve what he wanted, no matter what troubles transpired. Even though challenges and struggles had the power to take away chances of Santiago success, his spirit remained undefeated, for he was going to always keep trying no matter hat. So many life lessons can be learned from this novel. Santiago quote, â€Å"A man can be destroyed but not defeated† (Hemingway 103), can be applied to one’s life, Just like it is in the book. In order for Santiago to be successful he had to put his whole self into what he wanted and stand strong when difficulty struck, Just like people today and in the past have to do. People can also learn that excuses must not exist in life because all they do is corrupt one’s mind, making accomplishing something they want extend more out of reach. Finally, in life, as long as one’s best effort is given at al times, nothing can bring them down. One may fall over and over again, but as long as they keep standing back up, they will never be defeated. Throughout life, people are presented with events to test how strong they truly are, Just like Santiago was. However, challenges open people up to opportunity and chances. If one puts their whole mind, body, and soul into something, they are bound to be successful in anything they do. Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea, teaches readers so many lessons; however, the biggest they can take away from it is to never give up. Never How to cite Never Defeated, Papers

Brain Structure Essay Example For Students

Brain Structure Essay The part of the body that motivates eating is the hypothalamus. The small gland is located in the midline at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus, and interacts closely with the pituitary gland and acts in coordination with the reticular formation. The two components of the hypothalamus dealing with hunger are the lateral hypothalamus and the ventromedial nucleus. The lateral part is what allows a person to feel hungry and sends out signals to the rest of the body that one is ready to eat. If this part is damadged, one would not feel hunger and would experience aphasia, which is starving. The ventromedial nucleus gives satiety, or the feeling that one is full. This component is also necessary, because an injury here would produce hyperphasia, when the body does not know when to stop eating, and would surely become obese. Along with his theory of emotions, Schachter studied obesity and the reasons for the uncontrollable urges to binge by those who are overweight. His research reveals that much of the overeating is due to the reinforcements that the obese find in food. He mentions that while those with an appropriate weight are stimulated to eat when aroused by internal cues, obese look for other factors to reinforce their need to eat. For example: the smell of food, the way a platter is served, the colors and decorations on a plate, or even the contact comfort that the food produces in the hands or in the tongue. This euphoric way of eating might be satisfying during dinner time, but in the long run, it is extremely dangerous. By eating only what appeals to vision, smell, or texture, one does not satisfy the bodily needs for varied nutrients, vitamins, and minerals, and therefore be mal-nutrinioed and be exposed to obesity and other illness as well. Anatomy and Physiology

Deforestation and Pollution Essay Example

Deforestation and Pollution Paper But this lofty giant fought back. Although much Of its grounds were destroyed, it managed to find refuge in a narrow coast land strip in California. The mighty Sequoia Smithereens- the ever living, overcame with vengeance. (7, peg. 43) This species, seemingly, could have tackled any situation of plight and endangerment it would reign for eternity. It was invincible and.. O WAS IT The Earth was being striped of fifty-one million acres of tropical forest each year. Only forty percent of the original moist forests remain in tropical Africa; thirty-seven left in Asia. The Elicited states has only 737 million acres of forests. Ninety-three percent of Madagascar trees have been devastated, while only one percent of Braziers Atlantic coast wilderness survives. Over 140,000 acres of tropical forests are lost each day, 5,800 an hour. If current rates persist, all forests will be lost in 177 years. (1, forest facts) Certainly those statistics are riveting and extremely frightening! There are several questions which must be posed In order to more clearly understand the significance of the numbers. Where are the locations of the most rapid deforestation? Why has the deforestation occurred? What harmful effects have risen from it? When and how did the cutting take place? And what has become of the species in the opening scenario? The most cataclysmic loss of tropical forests is currently happening in Brazil, Zaire, and Indonesia. (4, peg. 2) These three nations, Of different continents, account for fifty percent of the Worlds tropical deforestation. New Guiana, Western Amazonian, and Guyana have become new hot spots where massively accelerated cutting occurs. The problem is a global issue, not restricted to any particular area. We will write a custom essay sample on Deforestation and Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Deforestation and Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Deforestation and Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By the end of the century, the forests of many South American, Central African, and southeastern Asian nations will have become history they face extinction. (6, peg. 141) The forests are being cut down in these regions for several different reasons. Robert Goodling of The World Bank stated the following, Settlement along logging roads and peasant agriculture may be the causes of tropical moist deforestation. (4, peg. 8) Overpopulation is a major problem in some of the countries where deforestation is vast. The large urban areas become overcrowded with few opportunities open. The poor seek out opportunities elsewhere. The landless, jobless peasants travel to the nearly unsettled Amazon. Here they clear the forests and use the land for agriculture. Some sell the wood from the trees they remove, others simply burn them; their only purpose to stake a claim to land. (5, peg. 3) Deforestation commonly occurs in poorer countries. They remove the forests and raise agriculture for exports. They use the land to produce food, fiber, and other products that they could use to help their foreign debts to other countries. (5, peg. 4) By increasing production, they hope to bring down the massive trading deficits they have long incurred. The economys of many of the central American nations have relied on this practice. The countries in this part of the world are quite poor and struggle to find ways to earn capital. They are overpopulated, have few resources, and have a highly unskilled work force. Many of the industrialized countries of the world, namely the united States and Europe, condemn the policies these third world countries have taken, but at the same time we are supporting them. We must not forget who consumes many of their products? us. The wealthy countries often are just as harmful to the environment. The forests are also lost in other ways, but in far fewer numbers. Some countries, in order to defend themselves, remove rain forests near borders. These areas become settled and thus more trees are cut down. (5, peg. 3) Some Indians still practice shifting cultivation. With this technique small plots Of land are used for growing agriculture, to support their people, and then when the nutrients become scarce they move to a new area. The Plot they abandon is allowed regenerate itself with seeds from near by trees, and thus limited harm is done. The one loss of forests that can not be prevented occurs by ay of the environments climate. Storms, winds, floods, and fires are threats to the land, and often strike relentlessly. For example, 400 to 600 square kilometers of forests were lost in a 1990 fire in the coastal Brazilian forests. (5, peg. 7) The removal of all of the forest land affects the environment in extremely adverse ways. The amount of rainfall declines, thus many of the species who are adopted to the climate of the region will not be able to survive. They could become endangered, or even extinct. The soil can erode. This would add to the degradation process and make already poor soil, even less fertile. When he forests are removed and the rainfall begins to decrease, the water supply would suffer. The streams, surrounding lakes and rivers could experience sedimentation. Sedimentation Occurs when there is not enough water to maintain current water tables. The water that is used will not be replenished, eventually leading to the evaporation and drying of the water that remains. (5, peg. 3) Also, we could find benefits from the rain forests; including new foods or pharmaceuticals. If the plant and animal inhabitants of the forests are lost, this possibility too, is lost. The destruction of trees has not occurred just in the tropical regions. In fact, the first devastating blows to the forest environment took place where todays industrialized countries stand. Trees were rapidly removed in the past with little hesitation, and almost no concern for preservation and conservation. Society believed the resources were infinite. Emanuel Frizz, a forester, was among the first to recommend raising trees to enable forest preservation. (3, peg. 25) He wanted to make sure the logging process could continue. Frizz realized the trees would not last forever, and tried to convince others to study on sustaining forestry. Two centuries later, in 1864, George Perkins Marsh published Man and Nature. (3, peg. 26) His book warned that by damaging nature, man is damaging himself. Fast becoming an unfit home for its noblest inhabitant, Marsh said of the Earth. (3, peg. 26) To perhaps make things sound a little closer to home, Ill shift to our countrys history of battle with destruction and conservation. 1873: Congress passed the Timber and Culture Act. (3, peg. 28) This legislation encouraged settlers to raise or plant trees in the central plains. The reasoning was that the rainfall produced from the new forests could be used to irrigate the barren land, and hush allowing it to be used in agriculture. 878: The Timber and Stone act was established and enacted by congress. This act permitted the sale of public timber for private use. (3, peg. 28) The damage this act caused was immense. Boom and Bust Forestry was born. Logging areas were established and logged to until they had no trees standing. The loggers would then move to a new area, thus the deadly patterns were repeated time and again. A IS of M- Dearborn history professor, called this act the most destructive piece of legislation to our environment. 1891: The Forest Reserve Act was put into law. It permitted presidents to create national forests. Benjamin Harrison immediate put this to use with the creation of 15 reserves that covered 13 million acres of land. In 1906 Theodore Roosevelt followed suit, by increasing nation reserves by another 13 million. (3, peg. 29-30) The U. S. Forest Service Was established in 1905. This law carried with it a great number of responsibilities for the members of the service. They were supposed: promote community stability, avoid timber deprivations, help lumberjacks, fight big lumber organizations, protect water supply, and create public recreation areas, etc. 3, peg. 1) This law attempted to please almost every interest group; it was impossible and made things worse in some cases, rather than better. Trees were being more rapidly, than ever, torn down. In 1914 the Boo Deer Donkey system begin. (7,peg. 69) It was a method used by loggers to more quickly remove downed trees. Saw mills boomed from one hundred seventeen in 1945 to three hundred in 1947 to nearly four hundred in 1948. It is clear, the United States once engaged in massive deforestation, just as the central American, Brazilian, African, and tropical Asian countrys presently participate. We now know where the deforestation has occurred, why it continues, the damage it does, and so forth, but by which processes are forests removed? Regions were removed in several different ways. Each had comparatively different advantages and disadvantages for environmental and economical issues. The two types prominently used and debated are selective cutting and clear cutting. (3, peg. 30) Selective cutting involves removing trees in small groups, leaving the majority of trees to survive. With clear cutting, all trees are removed in the particular logging area, sparing none. It is more economical to SE the clear cutting method, but more environmentally sound to engage in selective cutting. Selection allows remaining trees to grow more quickly, they can regenerate the lost trees with the seeds that drop and scatter to cut areas. This too, would protect the majority of wildlife and habitat. Clear cutting leaves ugly permanent damage on the earth. The soil erodes, species are lost without the chance of regeneration. (3, peg. 30) .. And what of the ever living species? Two million acres once covered California, but today less than a tenth remains. Why? How could this have occurred? A simple answer, Man. It survived many catastrophes; is fire resistant, and immune to diseases. (7, peg. 87) Only man, can it not defend itself against. The great Sequoias have been a climatic force in themselves Providing rich soil, maintaining healthy Water, stabilizing hillsides from erosion, and allowing species to inhabit it. But it is all in danger. The hemlock, Douglas firs, tan oak, shrubs, huckleberry, thimbles, black bear, beaver, blue heron, deer, raccoon, coyote, bobcat, and others may lose their home, their home. (3, peg. 30) The ever- living sequoia, may soon be no more.

KK essays

KK essays The film A Fish Called Wanda is on the AFIs (American Film Institute) Greatest 100 Comedies list. Although this film features talented actors like John Cleese and Jamie Lee Curtis, Kevin Kline easily steals the show. Kline gives a brilliant performance as the pseudo-intellectual Otto. What makes Kline so remarkable is the way that he moves and makes his character dance across the screen. Right from the outset, in one of the films first scene, we see that Klines Otto is no normal jewel thief. Even though Otto is supposed to be working under the guise that he is Wandas (Jamie Lee Curtis) sister, he quickly gives her breast a squeeze in full view of Ken, one of the other robbers. What makes this movement work comically is that Kline does it so lightening fast and that if you blinked you might miss it. He has such control over his arm that he is able to extend it, and withdraw it in a matter of maybe a second. This allows for the suspended disbelief that Ken does not see him do it. Another movement that Kline makes also speaks volumes about his body control. Otto and Wanda are together in what I take to be Ottos quarters. They are speaking excitedly about something and he leaps into the air, grabs a pipe that is suspended from the ceiling, lifts himself completely off the ground and sails on to the bed with the grace of a ballerina. This is so interesting because Klines Otto is supposed to a be a vulgar American bank robber. His graceful movement is evidenced again when Otto and Wanda go to the garage to claim the jewels the stole from a safe. Otto is angered by the fact that the jewels are not there. He goes over to kick a car out of anger. Rather then just kicking the tire, or burying his foot into the car door, Kline leaps into up and kicks the car twice while he is in the air. He takes what is just a simple movement and makes into something much more. While Kevin Kline is not a big man i...

REGLECTION PERCEPTION KEYS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

REGLECTION PERCEPTION KEYS - Assignment Example This is so because, the ‘must see’ impressive structure representing the building, is an art in itself. It largely display the artistic ways of the master brains behind the building. 3. Elevators take us to the top of the building, and then we can participate with the exhibited works of art by walking down the spiraling ramp. This enables us to see each work from many perspectives. Does this seem to you to be an interesting, efficient, and comfortable way of exhibiting works of art? Yes, this does seem to me as an interesting, efficient and comfortable way of exhibiting works of art. This is so because; the building in itself is enormous. So, it is advisable for one to start from the top going to the bottom as is an assured way out of the building. This will save one lots of energy and hence wont tire earlier hence will have a better view of the exhibitions. As we all know, it is easier to go down a hill that climbing it. 4. The front of the museum faces Fifth Avenue. The surrounding buildings are tall rectangular structures evenly lined up along the sidewalks. If possible, visit the site. Did Wright succeed in bringing his museum into a harmonious spatial relationship with these other buildings? Or was his purpose perhaps to make his museum stand out in sharp contrast, like a plant among inorganic shapes? But if so, does the museum fit successfully into the spatial context – â€Å"the power and embrace of the positioned interrelationships of things†? The major aim of Wright erecting his building next to ordinary looking buildings was to make his museum stand out in spiky contrast. This was to make it more eye catching like a rose among daffodils. The museum fits successfully into the spatial context this is so because, it made it look so unique hence bringing out its popularity (Martin & Jacobus, 2011). I don’t think that a park site would have been a better site for the building compared to

A guide to critical thinking and argument with readings Essay

A guide to critical thinking and argument with readings - Essay Example Current Issues and Enduring Questions is a book, which contemplates on the elements and fundamentals of critical thinking. The authors presented arguments and literature materials from various sources in order to support the conclusions conveyed by the book. It is divided into two significant chapters, which makes it a complete package for the readers to understand the ideas the book aims to impart to the intellectual market it serves.Critical Thinking, the title of the first chapter of the books presents the various elements of critical thinking by presenting several arguments which significantly represents each major element of critical thinking.The first subchapter presents the argument regarding driver's licenses and photographic identification. The authors expounded the tribulations the present transportation system and person identification industry faces. Numerous accounts of the dilemma are seen on both parties of the drivers and the traffic enforcers, as well. Hence, it nece ssitates critical thinking. As the introductory subchapter, it represents the element of identifying the subject of critical thinking and expounding several manipulative ideas governing the subject.The second part of the first chapter is a widened and deeper analysis of the first subchapter. It concentrates on the deeper societal issues of driver's licenses. It presents facts on why these matters and issues call for critical thinking and its three major elements, which is comprised of imagination, analysis and evaluation. Writing as an integral part of critical thinking is beyond doubt. This fact is introduced in the third subchapter. Theoretically, writing as an intellectual way of evaluating and interpreting different aspects of man's life has become a myth for the ordinary man. However, this subchapter presents reliable evidences which attests for the critical thinking attributes of writing. It also enumerates the elements of critical thinking, which are widely fulfilled by writing. The fourth subchapter, hypothetically, encompasses the heart of the chapter. Entitled "A Checklist for Critical Thinking," it details the elements of critical thinking and describes the impact of each element on man's critical philosophy. It itemizes each element and differentiates one from the other, which makes it comprehensible for the readers to identify one element from another. The fifth subchapter represents the exercise part for the readers. It comprises of an essay of Alan Dershowitz illustrating critical thinking, which is entitled, "Why Fear NationID Cards" Hence, the readers are able to apply the elements learned in the previous chapters by reading the essay. At the same time, it also supplements additional information regarding the issue of National I.D. cards. The sixth subchapter puts forward a casebook on examining assumptions. It presents two literature materials, which are both essentials on evaluating the underlying important procedures on assumption evaluation. This subchapter includes the articles, "A Proposal to Abolish Grading" and "Test for Aptitude, Not for Speed" by Paul Goodman and Howard Gardner, respectively. Both materials identify the values tests have in examining assumptions, which is an integral part of critical thinking. The seventh and last subchapter, as a whole, represents a checklist for evaluating letters of response. It comprises of an article by Diane Ravitch, entitled, "In Defense of Testing." This subchapter spells out the necessary factors of critical evaluation of response letters. This proves to be an essential aspect of critical thinking, as proper evaluation gives way for judicious interpretation of various subjects. Chapter 2: Critical Reading: Getting Started Whilst the first chapter concentrates on the essential elements comprising critical thinking, this second chapter focuses on the aspect of critical

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Reflection - Essay Example I was intrigued by the concept of "professing". However I am not so sure how it applies to the internal aspect of learning. Perhaps it is through professing that which we already know that acts as a springboard to inviting new knowledge in. Teachers should be careful however because their way of teaching is not the only one that exists and is not necessarily the one that all students will respond to. I don't think that professing is appropriately placed in this article. As the article notes, professing is a form of lecture and no matter how enthusiastic the professor may be about the subject matter, there is a fine line between professing and drilling. I believe it is a line that young students would have a hard time deciphering. I think that all members of the teaching profession take learning seriously. The question is how to convey this to students. I found that he social learning atmosphere suggestion to be a positive one. I do know a grade school teacher who teaches in an all-boys catholic school in New York. Her students are in sixth grade. Rather than turn literature into a demand to memorize, she turns the classroom into a lounge. She and her students then discuss not only the piece of writing that they were reading but also the author and his own background. In so doing, students experience reflective learning and I think that they actually gain a bett

Safety In Maldives Construction Industry Construction Essay

Safety In Maldives Construction Industry Construction Essay Construction industry is a very unique industry in terms of all aspects and stages compare to other fixed workplace like factories. Most of the actual work is done by using human labor. Construction industry has been considered as a highly hazardous industry because of the high incidence of accidents and fatality rate. To improve the image of the industry, stakeholders should follow an accepted standard guideline of health and Safety (HS) in construction industry. Providing a safe and health workplace is a key to success in business (B.Ahmodn et al, 2006). Accidents and property damage create great impact to stakeholders of the project such as delays in operation and also directly and indirectly incur cost. Therefore, its an obligation of the construction companies to provide a health and safe workplace for their employees and for public. International Labour Organization (ILO) Constitution sets forth the principle that workers should be protected from sickness, disease and injury arising from their employment (ILO.ORG). According to ILO estimates, 55,000 people suffer fatal injuries every year. She also mentioned main cause of fatal injuries in construction in any country is by falling from heights, and this is principally due to the lack of proper edge protection in a variety of construction tasks (Fiona, 2002). This research is based on the health and safety in Maldives construction industry, and will provide an overview about the health and safety in develop and developing country. 1.2 Problem Statement Construction industry is an important sector in Maldives economy. But accidents, injuries, fatalities continue to occur on construction site, generally construction industry have lack of awareness on the importance of health and safety. Health and safety in construction industry is far extensive than a worker wearing a safety helmet and safety shoes at site. Health and safety is a attitude that identifies and reduces job site hazardous throughout the lifecycle of a work project. Major concern need to be deal with is the lack of national regulations outline health and safety obligation at nations construction sites. There are no laws encouraging construction companies to adopt in workplace. Most stakeholders of the industry have overlooked on occupational safety and health (OSH) due to lack of regulation or guideline to follow. Little or no attention is given to health and safety, as stakeholders are not setting aside money to ensure health and safety is being met. Furthermore, most construction project meetings do not address health and safety as an agenda item, which is a further indication of lack of commitment to health and safety. 1.3 Aim of the Research The aim of this research is to describe develop a standard health and safety guide line for Maldives construction industry. 1.4 Research Objectives The objectives of this study are: To identify construction industry health and safety in a developing country and a developed country. To determine the health and safety in Maldives construction industry. To develop a standard guideline for health and safety in Maldives construction industry. 1.5 Scope of Research Scope of the research is based on Maldives capital city Male. The research focuses on the health and safety awareness and current practice of health and safety in Maldives construction companies. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW TO IDENTIFY CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY HEALTH AND SAFETY IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY AND A DEVELOPED COUNTRY. 2.1 Introduction Major sources of the difference of health and safety performance in developing and developed countries are management commitment, supervisory environment, training and competence level (Teo, Haupt Feng 2008:497). A study done in Tanzania, a developing country, suggest that the main reason for the awful situation of health and safety on construction sites are due to the lack of necessary commitment from key stakeholders that include the government. Study also indicated that the government and its agencies have been weak in monitoring and enforcing the laws governing health and safety on construction sites and also lack of human and financial resources has disperse from developed countries (Mwombeki, 2006:426). Research carried out in developing countries that included African countries, such as Egypt, Malawi, Nigeria, Botswana and South Africa revealed that (Cibb Bust, 2006: 65-77): Lack of support from clients on health and safety ideas; Priority on health and safety is not same as developed countries; Health and safety regulations are inadequately enforced by authorities. This chapter will describe an overview of health and safety in Malaysia as a developing country and UK as a developed country. 2.2 Health and Safety in Malaysia Construction Industry In todays modern society, occupational safety and health has become an important subject in terms of financial, ethical and legislative. To survive in the global competitive market, companies are adopting to safeguard occupants health and safety. Most companys strong safety and health programs may actually mean survival. According to 3rd June 2012 Boreno Post online news, Social Security Organization (SOCSO) is targeting five per cent reduction in workplace accidents this year. Branch manager Dundang Undong stated that a total of RM4.3million was made out in compensation claims for 1,497 cases of workplace accidents last year. SOCSO 2003 report on construction industry shows that 4,654 accident cases were reported. The total death cases are 882 from all industries and out of that 92 cases are from construction industry which is 11.56% of total death percentage of the industry. SOSCO report only involves Malaysian workers and not included foreign workers (SOSCO, 2003). A study by Chai G. Mei on An analysis of accidents statistics in Malaysia construction sector tabled a summary of major accidents in Malaysias construction industry as in table 1. The study also mentioned of about rise of accidents in the construction industry occurred every month on year 2997. Table 1: Summary of major accidents in Malaysias construction industry from 2005-2008 2005 2006 2007 2008 1) Tower crane broke into two and fell onto four Indonesian construction workers at a construction site building apartment located at Batu 14, Puchong. 1) Landslide occurred at a construction site located at Taman Desa, Kuala Lumpur buried; killed a 35 year old Indonesian man at about 3.30pm while he was working on some iron steel beam foundations for the fiveblock 609 units condominium complexes 1) Death of two workers and severe injuries on ten workers at The Pavillion Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Bukit Bintang construction site where the cables of the workmens lift at the posh condominium and shopping complex project snapped and plummeted 15 metres to the ground. 1) Two Malaysian construction workers were buried alive by excavated sand pile in a 3.6m deep sewer trench at Taman Merbau phase two construction site in Changlun. 2) Iron mould weighing almost two tonnes fell from 20 storey condominiums under construction onto Dr. Liew Boon Horngs BMW; killed him and Severely injured his wife and the driver at Plaza Damas located along Jalan Hartamas. 2) Negligence of three construction companies, led to the death of another Indonesian worker on 15 May 2006 located at Lot 206, Section 63, Lorong Binjai where a 32-storey of 100 units apartment was to be built. 2) Death of two Malaysian construction workers, buried alive four meters deep in a landslide while working on the fencing located at Taman Merbau 2, Fasa III at Kubang, Pasu 2) Twenty five foreign workers escaped without major injuries when the structure they were standing gave way in one of the construction sites in Kuching. 3) Two sides collapsed of a bridge that was under construction at 3.2 kilometers of the Klang Valley Highway that caused the death of two Bangladesh workers. 3) One foreign construction site worker died; another colleague severely injured at the construction site of the prestigious KK Times Square commercial complex after piles of sand fell on them in Kota Kinabalu. 4) Three Indonesian construction workers fell from scaffolding to their deaths when they slipped from the top floor of a 21-storey condominium under construction and landed on the fifth floor at Taman Tampoi Indah. 5) Bricks fell from the construction site in Taman Bukit Angkasa, Kerinchi on several cars parked at the nearby flats during a three hour downpour 6) Eight huge concrete beams with a measurement of at least 40m long and 70 tonnes weight of an uncompleted flyover near Nilai collapsed, which narrowly missed a motorist and his aged parents. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) enacted in year 1994 by the Government of Malaysia. Section 4, objective of act under OSHA 1994 mentioned: to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of persons at work; to protect persons at a place of work other than persons at work against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of persons at work; to promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs; The Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Ministry of Human Resources and other government agencies have regulation and legal requirement to ensure the safety and health of not only workers, but also the public. . DOSH policy consists of: To prepare and preserve a workplace with a safe and healthy working system To ensure that all staff are provided with the relevant information, instruction, training and supervision regarding methods to carry out their duties in a safe manner and without causing any risk to health; To investigate all accidents, diseases, poisonous and/or dangerous occurrences, and to have action to ensure that these occurrences will not be repeated; To comply with all requirements of legislations related to safety and health as stated in the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, as well as regulations and codes of practice which have been approved; (www.dosh.gov.my). Construction site create risk not only for the construction workers, but also for the public. Therefore the general public must be protected from hazards associated with the construction work that may be carried out in a public area or adjacent to such area (DOSH). Department of Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Public Safety and Health at Construction Sites: DOSH, Guidelines for Public Safety and Health at Construction Site, is a guideline endorsed by the Departments Jawatankuasa Semakan Dasar chaired by the Director General of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide guidance to employers on how good work practice can be carried out on every activity in the construction to prevent accidents to the workers and public. Below describes some of the sections of the guideline: Section 4 Notification of an Operation describes the section 35 under Factories and machineries Act 1967 that every work or engineering construction must inform DOSH not less than seven days before commencement of work unless the work can be completed within six days. Section 6 of the guidelines is about the Safety and Health Organization and under this section it has mentioned about the employers obligation to prepare written general policy with respect to the safety and health at work of his employees and the organization and arrangements to carry out the policy. Following are the sub sections for section 6: 6.1- Safety and health Policy 6.2- Safety and Health Committee 6.3- Occupational Safety and Health System 6.4- Safety and Health Officer 6.5- Site Safety Supervisor 6.6- Contractor Safety Supervisor Section 7 describes the General Duties of the Employers according to the section 16, of OSHA 1994. Section 8 describes the General Duties of the Architects, Engineers and Designers stating that a safe design and construction must be considered to the safety of the workers and the public. Designers, architects should not include anything in the design that leads to unsafe construction procedure and create undue hazards. Section 8 also describes about the safety and health facilities to be included in design for such work to be performed with minimum risk. Section 9: Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) Section 10: Emergency Response Plan Section 11: Hoarding Section 12: Movement of Vehicular Traffic Section 13: Disconnection of Utilities Section 14: Demolition Section 15: Blasting and use of Explosive Section 16: Removal of Debris Section 17: Site Clearing Section 18: Excavation Work Section 19: Piling Work Section 20: Superstructure 20.1 Scaffolds 20.2 Safety Nets and Peripheral Nets 20.3 Catch Platforms 20.4 Concrete Work Section 21: Finishes Section 22: Use of Hoisting Equipment 22.1: General 22.2: Erection 22.3: Jacking 22:4: Operation 22.5: Inspection and Testing 22.6: Maintenance and Repair 22.7: Dismantling 22.8: Crane Storage (DOSH Ministry of Human Resources) Table 2 shows the number of occupational death rates from 2007 to 2011 within the 10 industries. The death rate in the construction industry is the highest in year 2007, the total number of 95 deaths. But statistic has dropped to 51 in year 2011 which is a good phenomenon for the construction industry. Table 2: Number of Occupational Death Rates 2007-2011 Industrial Categories / Year Number of Occupational Death Rates 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Manufacturing 63 76 63 59 45 Mining Quarrying 9 6 3 1 7 Construction 95 72 71 66 51 Agriculture 30 42 44 30 41 Utility 10 19 23 11 5 Transport / Communication 2 8 18 14 11 Trade 3 0 0 0 1 Hotel Restaurant 0 1 0 0 2 Financial Insurance 4 4 1 1 6 Public Services 3 2 1 3 7 Total 219 230 224 185 176 Source: DOSH 2011 Figure 1 shows the statistic by DOSH on occupational accidents by sector in 2011. It shows that 51 deaths, 43 non permanent disability and 5 permanent disability in construction industry. Figure 1: Statistic of occupational accidents by sector 2011- source DOSH In the Construction Industry Master Plane (CIMP) 2006-2015 highlighted about Strive for the highest standard of occupational safety and health. It stated that, long term development of the industry requires accountability of the stakeholders to achieve the highest standard of occupational safety and health. To achieve this standard, stakeholders awareness must be increase and to implementation of occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS). Furthermore, to develop occupational safety and health program need to raise awareness, education and training, enforcement of legislation, guide line and codes (CIDB :2008). 2.3 Health and Safety in Great Britain Construction Industry Great Britain has a 150 years history of health and safety regulation. The current health and safety act is called Health and Safety at work (HSW) Act 1974. This Act has been modified in 2008 to provide integrated institutional structure and legal framework for health and safety regulation. Health and safety law is enforced by health and safety executive (HSE) in many workplaces ranging from health and safety in nuclear installation and mines through to factories, school and hospitals. According to HSE guide, health and safety inspectors have important statutory power as they can enter any premises without any warning. And if they are not satisfied with the level of health and safety, they can issue information and advice, issue improvement notices requiring problems to be put right within a specified time, serve a prohibition notice stopping activity either with immediate or deferred effect, and (in England and Wales) prosecute for the most serious failings (hse.gov.uk). According to HSE statistic, there is a significant reductions in the number and rate of injury over the last 20 years or more. Yet, construction remains a high risk industry. Although it accounts for only about 5% of the employees in Britain it still accounts for 27% of fatal injuries to employees and 9% of reported major injuries. In 2010 to 2011 there were 50 fatal injuries to workers. The number of fatality injures to employees has been reduced by two-thirds compared with 20 years ago. It also stated that over 5000 occupational cancer cases are estimated to arise each year as a result of past exposures in the construction sector (HSE, 2011). Figure 2: 20 year trend in worker fatalities- source:www. hse.gov.uk CHAPTER 3 : LITERATURE REVIEW TO DETERMINE HEALTH AND SAFETY IN MALDIVES CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 3.1 Introduction This chapter will provide some information and facts about Maldives in general and also will determine the health and safety in Maldives construction industry. 3.1.1 General Information on Maldives Table 3: General information of Maldives Government Type Republic Independence July 26, 1985 (formerly a British protectorate) No of Atolls 20 Area Spread over 115,300 sq. km square kilometers in the Indian Ocean southwest of India The capital Male Population (2009 est.): 314,000 (plus 80,000 expatriate workers who are not counted in the census). The life expectancy 74 years Language Dhivehi (official); English considered as second language Currency MVR 15.50 (Rufiyaa) = USD 1 GDP 2010 total USD 926 million, USD 2896 per capita. Weather and Climate Tropical, two monsoon in a year, annual mean temperature 28.3Â °C Literacy 97% Sources: Department of National Planning 2010, UNDP, 2011 3.1.2 Geography For administrative purpose 1,192 (Inhabited 194, Uninhabited 998) islands are further divided in to 20 atolls (Department of National Planning, 2010). Among these islands, only four islands have a population of 5,000 or more and only 10 islands are larger than 2.5sq km (R. Bassam 2011). 3.2 Maldives Construction Industry The construction industry has contributed 10 percent of the GDP and accounts for 5 percent of the national employment data (The World Bank, 2006). With the growth of tourism, and the Tsunami-reconstruction activities, construction industry to the economy is to expect to grow significantly ( Seventh National Development Plane 2006-2010). Of the total labor force of the construction industry, more than 70 percent is provided by expatriate labor; particularly at the skilled and unskilled levels. Most of the top level managers have university degree or diploma-level training in addition to work experience in the industry. Of the total employment about 10 percent are professionals (Architects, Engineers, QS or PM), while the rest consists of 34 percent skilled and 56 percent unskilled workers. (The World Bank, 2006). 3.2.1 Maldives Association of Construction Industry (MACI) Construction companies of Maldives with the support of Maldives Government established MACI on 30th October 2001. MACI is the official representative of construction industry in Maldives with 46 members actively involved in improving the construction industry. Objective of MACI is to combine all relative services in construction to develop and promote a united industry. The Association aims to achieve greater professionalism and quality in construction industry (www.business.com.mv) 3.3 Health and Safety in Maldives Construction Industry. On September 30th 2012, a local newspaper reported that the small number of building site deaths recoded in the Maldives recent years is more the result of good fortune rather than industry commitment to safety. The report was regarding the death of a Bangladeshi national working in the capital Male fell from the sixth floor of a building site on 19th June 2012. The employee was not believed to be wearing any safety gear when he died (Minivan News, 2012). President of the MACI, Mohamed Ali Janah told Minivan News that he believed a lack of national regulations outlining health and safety responsibility at the national building sites. He mentioned that judging the standard of occupational health and safety in Maldives construction sites there were very few places in the world that would approve the way the work is conducted. (Minivan News, 30th Sep 2012). Health and safety has been an issue for years in Maldives construction industry. Clients are also not setting aside money to ensure health and safety measures are being met and stakeholders do not understand the importance of health and safety in site (MACI, 2012). All project stakeholders have a responsibility of ensuring health and safety, starting from the government and the people that actually initiate projects. Health and safety must be achieved by the commitment from all construction project clients, all level management, and equal commitment by construction workers (Coble and Haupt, 1999). MACI requested to Ministry of Economic and Development, Ahmed Mohamed, for a solution to the problem of safety measures on the construction sites (sun.mv, 14th October 2012) According to Seventh National Development Plane 2006-2010, stated that to implement the building code of the Maldives under construction policies and strategies, item 2.1 as a strategy and item 2.7 stated that Enable formulation of construction industry related to health and safety regulations and established database on health and safety issues (Ministry of Planning and National Development, 2008). 3.3.1 Maldives Building Code 1st Edition 2008 Maldives Building Code was published on August 2008 by Ministry of Construction and Public Infrastructure to ensure that: the safety of the built environment T0 provide flexibility in design The building code will be empowered from a set of building regulations which itself will be bound by a building act. However a building act has not yet been passed (Ministry of Construction and Public Infrastructure, 2008). Section F of the Building Code is Safety of Users, which defines the following contents: Hazardous agent on site Hazardous building materials Hazardous substances and process Safety from falling Construction and demolition hazards Lighting for emergency Warning system Signs (The Building Code 2008) CHAPTER 4: REASARCH METHODOLOGY 4.1 Introduction The purpose of this chapter is to describe and explain the methodology used in this research in order to accomplished the aim of the research. 4.2 Research Design The researcher will distribute 100 questionnaires to different stakeholders in the construction industry of Maldives. Such as clients, consultants and contractors in Male city. Researcher will interview with a company in Male city regarding occupational health and safety. 4.3 Research Method The researcher will distribute 100 questionnaires by using emails and by the use of Google documents. 4.4 Primary Data and Secondary Data Primary data is the data that will be collected from the distribution of questionnaires to the targeted respondents. In this case, the clients, consultants and contractors are the target. Secondary data is the data that will be collected from the literature review, such as books, journals, newspaper, internet and others. 4.5 Data Analysis Technique Data receives from the respondents will be analysis by using Google documents software

English: Poetry Commentary Haven’t I Danced the Big Dance? By Jack Mapanje :: English Literature

English: Poetry Commentary Haven’t I Danced the Big Dance? By Jack Mapanje The poem ‘Haven’t I danced the big dance?’ by Jack Mapanje concerns the traditional rain dance of a proud tribesman. The modern representation of his dance that he sees today provokes this nostalgic and emotional response. The speaker, a formal tribal rain dancer, is thinking back to the time when he used to dance this traditional dance, and looking at the new generation, dancing only for show, with sadness. The poem is divided into three stanzas, the two first ones being dedicated to the past, when he was a dancer, and the last one to the present. The first stanza talks about the way he used to dance this traditional rain dance, in a circle around the drums, with amulets, anklets and snakes. The second stanza is insisting on the energy he put into this dance, on how good he was. The third stanza brings us to the present time, now that his daughters are doing the dance, more as an attraction for tourists than as a real tradition, and the speaker is not able to show them the real meaning of the dance. This rain dance is part of the speaker’s traditions, and he seems to be very attached to it. He remembers the way they danced it in the arena to the sound of the big drums. They used to wear special clothes and use specific accessories, ‘Skins wriggled with amulets Rattled with anklets’ to make the dance seem real and magical, at the same time. It had a real value for the speaker. However, this dance, in which he had put so much energy into when he was younger, ‘How I quaked the earth How my skin trembled How my neck peaked’ had not kept the same value. He talks about the way the new generation, his daughters’ generation, dances the dance now, and emphasised the lack of authenticity it has. He says they just wear ‘babble-idea-men-masks’, to make it look like a traditional rain dance to tourists, while it is not really. He compares the ‘mystic drums’ he used to dance to, with the ‘slack drums’ his daughters dance to now. Finally, he lets us understand he would like to show the new generation how the big dance is supposed to be danced, what its original value. However, this helplessness is not the only emotion felt in this poem. At the beginning, the speaker reminisces on the old days, his glory days, both with happiness and excitement and with sadness and regret. As he describes the different characteristics of the dance and the way

Attitude Legislation And Litigation Education Essay

Provision of instruction in the current universe has been faced with many challenges particularly sing the equality issues in the society. This paper addresses the societal deductions of attitude, statute law and judicial proceeding on the lives of pupils with disablements. Introduction Over the old ages, handicapped people in the society have been forced to populate with many challenges sing their handicapped position. Disabled people have several jobs in footings of motion, instruction and many other societal activities as they are non able to take part and be able to be involved in these activities. The instruction sector has non been left out as the handicapped pupils are faced with many challenges in larning compared to their fellow pupils who are non disabled. The society has been forced to come up with ways in which the handicappeds can be given discriminatory intervention and services compared to the other members of the society through debut of statute law and extenuations to regulate the instruction of the handicapped. For the past old ages, the services given to people with disablement particularly in the instruction sector have been uneffective as a consequence of several grounds that cause hapless service bringing to the disabled in the particular instruction sector. Fiscal issue has been a major hinderance in proviso of services in the particular instruction sector as there have been issues of fewer financess allocated to this sector. There is besides a job sing logistics as the aid and services offered by several bureaus require a batch of attempt for them to move and give the necessary aid needed ( Gordon, 2004 p.72-89 ) . The attitude of people towards people with disablements has several impacts on the lives of the people populating with disablements. The handicapped have been forced to populate with the impacts of negative societal attitude towards them and a farther societal stigma apart from the larger job they are confronting sing their mental or physical hindrances as a consequence of their disablement. The negative attitude towards people with disablements can be seen through societal rejection of handicapped people by the society members a frailty that is present across several civilizations. Peoples with disablements have several more demands than that of a normal individual and therefore there is development of a impression in the society that people with disablements are a load to the society. This factor helps nature the negative attitude towards people with disablements in the society. This negative attitude impacts negatively on the lives of pupils with disablements as it makes them see themselves as a load to the society from their many demands and furthers the societal stigma these pupils are faced with a factor that impacts negatively on their instruction. Attitude towards people with disablement has been negatively displayed through several civilizations that see mental deceleration as psyches that are possessed by evil liquors or punished by God and therefore require spiritual intercessions or dispossession. Such attitudes vested in the heads of people impacts negatively on their attitude towards the disabled as they are forced to see the handicapped as less human existences and farther the societal stigma faced by people with disablement ( Gordon, 2004 p.72-89 ) Students without disablement have negative societal response to other pupils with disablements particularly the mentally retarded as a consequence O f their negative attitude towards them despite the several steps that have been developed to change this that include legislative support, improved attention and the improved and sophisticated ways to give a medical history of the beginning of different disablements. The fact that disabled pupils were treated otherwise from the other pupils by debut of particular instruction that was chiefly provided in particular schoolrooms or even particular schools a fact that furthered the stigma among the handicapped pupils as these meant they were non equal to their opposite numbers who are non disabled ( Ramirez ) . Provision of instruction to the handicapped pupils has become a major challenge to different authoritiess and provinces. Educators have been faced with challenges of how best they can supply instruction to the handicapped and has seen the debut of particular instruction that meant that handicapped pupils were non included in schoolrooms with other able pupils and meant arrangement in separate schoolrooms or schools. The societal attitude that the handicapped pupils should be treated individually as a consequence of their disablement is wholly incorrect and it discouraged the formation of Torahs that would regulate the general instruction of exceeding pupils or handicapped pupils on the footing that dividing the pupils with disablements from those who are non disabled is far from doing them equal and that all the pupils had equal protection from the jurisprudence. The thought that the handicapped pupils should be separated from their fellow pupils has greatly changed as a consequence inequality that consequences from this action and hence there was demand to develop the statute laws and judicial proceedings that govern the instruction of pupils with disablements ( Ramirez, 2003 p. 12 ) . Several opinions against segregation by the United States Supreme Court set the gait in the hunt for equality in the instruction sector that included people with disablement. The celebrated Fourteen Amendment provides the right to equal instruction for any member of the province and no province may deny equal right to education to any individual within its legal power. Students with disablements have a right to equal instruction like their nondisabled opposite numbers as provided by the jurisprudence. The proviso of particular instruction that was ab initio provided outside the regular schoolroom is now provided in the regular schoolroom and there is no separation of the handicapped pupils from the schoolroom hence they learn together a system referred to as inclusion ( Ramirez, 2003 p. 13 ) . Legislations and judicial proceedings have been passed to regulate the instruction of the handicapped pupils. The construct of particular instruction by the Congress as it passed an act that instruction would be provided for all the disabled kids and guaranteed the proviso of public instruction to all pupils irrespective of their ability which provided the footing for inclusive acquisition. It provided that every pupil was eligible to have appropriate public instruction and have the chance to larn in a no limitation environment. In inclusive acquisition, general instruction provided to pupils plants in cooperation with particular instruction with the chief purpose of proviso of quality instruction plans to the pupils irrespective of their disablement. Such statute laws provided that pupils with disablements both in public and private establishments would have instruction with the nondisabled pupils, there should be no particular categories, separate schooling and that no pupil should be removed in their categories unless the badness of the disablement hinders the proviso of instruction to that pupil wholly ( Ramirez, 2003 p. 12 ) . The inclusion of the handicapped pupils into mainstream categories with other chap nondisabled pupils has some positive and negative impacts to the pupils with disablement. Though we may state that the handicapped pupils benefit in this environment through societal and academic interaction with the other pupils, it is difficult to disregard the fact that they are forced to meet rough academic competition from their chap nondisabled pupils. The inclusion of the handicapped pupils in the same categories as the nondisabled pupils increases the force per unit area on both the instructor and the handicapped pupils to be at par with their chap nondisabled pupils and failure to make so may increase the stigma in the pupil. The current instruction clime may non prefer much the instruction and public presentation of certain disablement instances like the mentally retarded hence particular instruction will better flatly in the hereafter. Decision Students with disablement are faced with many challenges in life as a consequence of their disable position. Introduction of statute laws and judicial proceeding to regulate their instruction is a first positive measure in guaranting they benefit from instruction provided in establishments. Social forums and public instruction should besides be encouraged so as to assist alter the attitude of the society towards people with disablement hence bettering their lives.

Free Essays on Car

The birth of cars have made an enormous change to our life.in the past,we travel from one place to another only by foot,nowaday,cars can do it .its goes withour saying that the invention of cars bring great benefit to all of us.but as proverb goes:no garden without weeds.car is not exception. owing a car has a lot of advantages.for one thing,car provide us the most convient way of transportation.we can get around freely without spenting a lot of time.emotionally,i always found driving is so exciting.for another,its the comfortable to drive a car.In winter.drivers always can stay warm and dry even in rainy whether,in addition,drivers are usually safe in their cars when they are out at night. Cars bring the human merits,their side-effects graudually come to the surface.firstly,to run a car need a lot of oil,which is getting less and less.the increasing number of cars contribute the lacking of energy.secondlly,as more and more cars are used,the traffic ecpecially in big cities is getting heaver and heavier,which lead to the serious social problemtraffic jam.in addition,the inceasing numbers of cars ,which excaust sent a huge quantities of carbon monoxide into atmosphere.it make the air of cities unbreathabe,it strip people contact with frensh air. therefore,the new energy should be explored to replace the oil so that our envionmental pollution can be avioded .and the strick law should be issued to keep the numbers of cars under control.thus,our heavier traffic can be solluted!... Free Essays on Car Free Essays on Car The birth of cars have made an enormous change to our life.in the past,we travel from one place to another only by foot,nowaday,cars can do it .its goes withour saying that the invention of cars bring great benefit to all of us.but as proverb goes:no garden without weeds.car is not exception. owing a car has a lot of advantages.for one thing,car provide us the most convient way of transportation.we can get around freely without spenting a lot of time.emotionally,i always found driving is so exciting.for another,its the comfortable to drive a car.In winter.drivers always can stay warm and dry even in rainy whether,in addition,drivers are usually safe in their cars when they are out at night. Cars bring the human merits,their side-effects graudually come to the surface.firstly,to run a car need a lot of oil,which is getting less and less.the increasing number of cars contribute the lacking of energy.secondlly,as more and more cars are used,the traffic ecpecially in big cities is getting heaver and heavier,which lead to the serious social problemtraffic jam.in addition,the inceasing numbers of cars ,which excaust sent a huge quantities of carbon monoxide into atmosphere.it make the air of cities unbreathabe,it strip people contact with frensh air. therefore,the new energy should be explored to replace the oil so that our envionmental pollution can be avioded .and the strick law should be issued to keep the numbers of cars under control.thus,our heavier traffic can be solluted!...

Writing Essay

Writing Essay Writing Essay Writing Essay In most cases the essay topics are assigned. However, it is your responsibility to create a title that points our the clear direction of your essay.   Begin writing essay with analyzing the topic. You should understand that every aspect of the essay outline needs to be covered thoroughly throughout the essay. So, in-depth analysis helps you to understand what the essay should contain and helps you to decide on essay format. Your task isn't to include general information, you should write directly and to the point. It requires spending enough time thinking about what the essay question is and how to answer it. Once you have some ideas you should review the books and journals which related to your topic. Start research from the point you are already familiar with. While reading secondary material, you will understand what kind of information you need. Essay Outline Build the essay on your own ideas. Gathered information will help you to make a plan of your essay. Essay writing needs to be organized by you and to express your interpretation and understanding of the subject, not authors'. It means that you should write in your own words. Even if you've already had the notes, put them aside and begin to write first paragraph without their help. Start writing an essay with introduction. Your introduction should contain a summary and an argument, as well as thesis statement. Remember that you will need to redraft the introduction more often than the other parts. So, the good idea is to write the draft of each part on separate sheets. It will allow you to redraft essay parts more easily. The essay should have an introduction that is distinct from the body of the essay and shortly explains what the essay is about. The outline should show the organization or structure of the essay. The body of an essay is the largest part of the paper. It presents detailed information about the topic with evidences, examples and illustrations. Each idea should be described in separate paragraph and should be supported with information from secondary sources. The conclusion is a last stage of the essay writing. Again restate the main ideas and thesis statement. When you have finished writing essay it is useful to proofread it. Check the introduction for correctly description of essay ideas. Check your essay writing for the accurate presentation of quotations and references. While writing essay, hold the required essay format. Cheek the grammar and spelling; be sure that sentences are well constructed. Custom Help with Writing Essay Are you are writing essay and do not know how to proceed?   Do not need professional assistance with essay writing?   would like to offer you an opportunity to improve your grades without any efforts.   All you need to do is to place an order at our site and an experienced writer will produce a coherent and interesting essay for you in accordance to the provided instructions.

My Theory of Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Theory of Literacy - Essay Example Computer skills are needed in education as well as in the job. What good an individual that can just read and write do in the contemporary organization in which manual work has been replaced with mechanical work? In the past, individuals with an ability to write and read were considered literate because these two skills sufficed to be employed in any organization, but contemporary organizations are way more demanding. The contemporary definition of literacy is incomplete unless the significance of computer skills is acknowledged and set as one of the criteria for judgment of an individual literacy. Charles Bazerman defined literacy in these words, â€Å"Literacy does not require or inexorably lead to any particular development, but it is a powerful tool available for organizing, extending, providing resources for, and transforming all of our social endeavors† (Bazerman cited in Goggin). Writing is conventionally associated with creativity. Every piece of writing has to be orig inal or it would be considered as plagiarized. Thus, writing is essentially a creation and the writer is an inventor, but Bazerman does not consider such a person necessarily literate. His definition of literacy requires a literate person to be able to organize, promote, support and transform his/her social efforts using his/her literary skills. All of these functions are achieved with a computer these days. Computer helps organize the data. Programs like Microsoft Excel help not only organize the data, but also perform different kinds of functions upon it. Programs like Corel Draw transform imagination into reality. An in-depth analysis of the computer skills suggests that use of computer does a lot to improve a person’s social and critical analysis skills. â€Å"Many contemporary perspectives on literacy view scripted text as one component of complex acts and practices of written communication that occur in social contexts† (Goggin). Modern age is characterized by so cial media. Today, writing has evolved so much that it encapsulates a lot of linguistic styles that were unknown to the writers of the past. Old literature is characterized by formality. Modern literature is informal to the maximum limits. In the past, there used to be abbreviations for long words. Nowadays, there are abbreviations for phrases. For example, â€Å"also known as† is written as â€Å"aka†, â€Å"laughing out loud† is written as â€Å"lol†. These are only two of the hundreds of abbreviations that chatting on social media websites has given birth to. Today, an individual who is able to write but does not understand or use these abbreviations in the scripts is as illiterate as anyone in the past who could not write. These abbreviations and such other modifications of literature are a result of the time-based modification in the assumptions and values of people. Robert Scholes had realized the importance of modern and emerging linguistic pattern s in the writing back in 1985. He expressed his realization in these words: What students need from us . . . now is the kind of knowledge and skill that will enable them to make sense of their worlds, to determine their own interests, both individual and collective, to see through the manipulations of all sorts of texts in all sorts of media, and to express their own views in some appropriate manner. (Scholes cited in Schwartz). Of the two texts, Schwartz has presented a more rational analysis of the concept of literacy by emphasizing upon the need to

Listen Up Cabin Crew Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Listen Up Cabin Crew - Essay Example He breaks down the communication process in understandable segments: Overconfidence, Social norms in the cabin, and Repetition. Then, related to Behavior, he cites the attitudes, expected norms of behavior, and perceived behavioral control, repetition, and confusion between repetition and recall. For an article of less than 800 words that is a review of a 91 page manual of extensive research, Darby has done a very good job. He has given enough details to the categories and information, condensing the information so that it is quickly learned. He cited his sources, focusing mainly on Azjen's research. The way he cites the categories is organized and easily understandable. If one wanted to know the basics of the ATSB's manual, this is a quick readable resource. The attached questionnaires in the ATSB's manual were used in the research for the compilation of data. This is mentioned also in Darby's article. He selected main topics and used those, mentioning the research that was available and used. Completely left out of any research questionnaire were anything asked of the cabin crew. As mentioned previously, the research and experts used are excellent examples of the type of information to bring confidence to the reader. The information is logical and follows sequential thinking. There are no seen errors in the structure of the thought process. If there are any biases perceived in this article, it has to do with a prejudice against passengers. However, that is stated in the beginning because that is the focus of the article-attempting to understand why passengers do not pay enough attention to the instructions given by the cabin crew. This seems to enhance the writer's credibility because it is stated in the beginning and is cited from the manual. My personal reaction to this is positive because it enhances my belief that passengers need more awareness of safety procedures on all flights and we need to do our best to continually make them aware of the rules and procedures. Darby presents an excellent behavioral view of this problem, but he does not address the emotional content to any large extent. However, neither does the ATSB manual. It only discusses the behavioral. Whether it would be helpful to discuss the emotional or not would really depend on the reaction of the passenger to any type of emergency situation and how the cabin crew would handle it. The cabin crew could be trained to understand the emotional problems associated with passengers. That training would then reflect in how they work with the passengers once inside the cabin. There are many more cited documents in the original ATSB document than what Darby used or was able to use in his article. Also not explained was the perception passengers have of the flight attendants and the difference of perception between shorter flights and longer ones. The trust level is addressed in the ATSB report, but not mentioned in Darby's article. It is my view that the article is quite valid and dependable. Whether Darby had a word length limit probably had something to do with the amount of information he was able to compile in the amount of allocated space. Had he had more space he could have included more about the research of the passengers, the reactions they have to the brochures in the seat pockets, and how much attention they actually pay to the emergency procedures. The statistics in the original manual by

Effects of Engery Drinks on the Human Body Essay

Effects of Engery Drinks on the Human Body - Essay Example The energy drinks are beneficial and effective when consumed in right quantity and in right combination where the individual responses vary from person to person. All possible negative effects known to date are only because of their inappropriate usage and all the effects are reversed once refrained from these drinks. The negative effects of energy drinks are; Blood pressure and heart related problems: Caffeine and taurine in the energy drinks effects the functioning of heart and affect blood pressure and also alter the effectiveness of their medications. The increased body metabolism by the energy drinks causes impairment in blood pressure which could adversely affect cardiac functioning. Hence people with Hypertension and heart problems are advised to refrain from energy drinks. Combination effects: Generally all energy drinks contain caffeine. Caffeine in combination with other drinks exerts different effects. However when combined with alcohol like vodka it is proved to be lethal due to the combination of two opposite qualities where alcohol is a depressant and energy drink is a stimulant (Istvan and Matarazzo, 1984) where as caffeine in combination with glucose with herbal flavoring fractions improve aspects

The way these issues are presented in the play Essay Example for Free

The way these issues are presented in the play Essay Things take a turn for the worse when the reverend starts to question Abigail about her relationship with John Proctor. Now Abigail can see that things can turn against her and she answers her uncle by saying Goody Proctor had wanted to use her as a slave and uses the sentence I will not black my face for any of them. Abigail also lets it be known to her uncle that Goody Proctor is a bitter woman who only wants to spread gossip, she assures her uncle that her name is white in the village. Abigail is trying very hard to get out of a very delicate situation, she can see that by giving the whole truth she will be at the very least cast out of the village and at the very worst named as a witch, but she should have realised that her uncle would never have allowed her to be named as a witch as this would have destroyed his good name. There is a meeting convened in the church where Reverend Parriss informs the people of Salem that their may be an evil spirit lurking in the village and that he has called in a man by the name of Mr Hale to come and see if there are any witches in the village and he reminds them of the trial of a witch in Beverly which came to nothing as Mr Hale had found the woman not to be a practicing witch. At this point Abigail runs from the church along with the other girls who had been in the woods with her. All the girls involved in the magical rites become hysterical and try to wake one of the girls in this case it is Betty Parriss. Betty awakes and blames Abigail saying she is a blood drinker who drank the blood of a chicken to kill Goody Proctor. This is not what Abigail wants to hear she knows the implications and she threatens Betty with terrible events if she tells about the blood drinking. We now see Proctor with many of the leaders of the village, downstairs in the Reverends house, discussing the children who are in a trance like state and also discussing the bringing in of a witch hunter. One of these people is Rebecca Nurse who is an elder of the village and she like John Proctor always speaks sense and knows that the children are acting up because they have been caught doing something wrong in the woods. I understand from all this that those people who have nothing to fear in their lives are just speaking the truth but people like Parriss are looking for a way out of their own problems and so are actually making the problem grow. Abigail meets up with John Proctor in the village and you can tell that John knows that it is Abigail who has caused the problems in the village but that he finds her very childlike and at this point does not know how dangerous Abigail is. In fact Abigail admits to John at this point that they were only messing about in the woods and that what they were doing was nothing more than a childish prank and not real witchcraft. Abigail on the other hand wants the love of John Proctor but John refuses Abigail and he tells her that they will not carry on their affair he says to her I will cut of my hand before reaching for you again. Abigail reacts in a very jealous way as she is burning with jealousy and says terrible things to John about his wife Goody Proctor. John is calm and tells her not to speak badly of his wife. If we are being fair to Abigail at this point we should understand that she was deeply in love with John Proctor, she did not think of their liaison as an quick affair but one of deep love and she could not understand why she was now being shunned by the man she loved so much. The witch hunter Hale arrives in Salem he has come from Beverly and when he meets with John Proctor the two men acknowledge that they are both intelligent men who want to get to the bottom of an increasingly disastarous problem.

The Letters In Pride And Prejudice

The Letters In Pride And Prejudice To reveal how useful the letters are in Pride and Prejudice, we need to look at the history behind letter writing. Jane Austens novel, Pride and Prejudice was written in 1813. The main form of communication then was by letters. However, they did not have a Central Postal system that we have today, where if you want to send a letter or parcel urgently then it could arrive within a few hours, instead they had their mail sent by Mail Coach. Although, you could send the mail by express, which was where you would pay an extra amount of money to have your mail sent faster, for example Mr Gardiners letter in chapter 44 was sent by express. There were no separate envelopes so letters were folded and the address would be written on the back, often they would seal it using wax. If the letter was private then the writer may have made an envelope which would be made from simply folding paper. In chapter 35 Darcy makes an envelope for his letter to Elizabeth because it is so long. Paper would have been extremely expensive in Jane Austens time, so to save paper the writer would write in the margins making sure they used up every space upon the paper. The letters would have been written using a pen made from a quill feather, which would have been sharpened to a point and dipped in ink. The lost original first version of Pride and Prejudice was written in epistolary form and was called, First Impressions. Other eighteenth century authors wrote in this form. A twentieth century novel also written in epistolary form is, The Color Purple, Alice Walker. In total there are 40 letters either paraphrased or directly quoted in the novel Pride and Prejudice. Letters are useful because they give secrecy between two characters allowing for complete privacy. They allow the characters to express feelings they can never convey aloud, they have time to think. Letters allow one to reveal their thoughts more personally and intimately than they can in person. Staring at a blank page of paper is definitely less intimidating than looking into someones eyes. Letters allow you to communicate without travelling yourself. They are good for the use of invitations. Communication is such an important vitality, and letter-writing lacks the loss of words, stuttering, awkward silences, and uneasiness that conversations can sometimes carry. You can read a letter over and over again each time gaining a better understanding. In Chapter 36 Elizabeth reads the letter from Darcy intently it quotes, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ commanded herself so for as to examine the meaning of every sentence., she read and re-read with the closest attention., Again she read onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. They show that you can study a letter and read beyond the surface. As a reader a letter makes you feel as if you are prying. It gives you a quick coverage so you know what is happening in the novel. They are used to catch up with reasons of behaviour which advances the plot. From using letters it shows Janes ability to provide a variety and also break up the narrative at the same time. From the letters in the novel you can learn about the character of the writer and also the characteristics are revealed without being said bluntly. In the novel Pride and Prejudice, letter-writing is almost as much a form of communication as face-to-face conversation. In fact, letters provide some of the most intense and important climaxes in the story, not to mention some of the most intense secrets. This method that Austen uses effectively conveys the situation without any interruption or delay. The most obvious example of a letter revealing intimate feelings is Darcys letter in chapter 35.The content is informing her of the truth about Wickham. Darcy writes this letter to Elizabeth to apologise and explain for his behaviour. He writes it in a letter because he does not know whether he should reveal the truth to her. He writes You may possibly wonder why all this was not told you last night; but I was not then master enough of myself to know what could or ought to be revealed. He decides to confide in her. He says I write without any intention of paining youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This reveals that his character is not as arrogant as you are made to think about him and that he is considerate and sensitive which is everything Elizabeth needs to be reading at this time. He is focussed by sticking to the point and uses an anxious but calm tone. His letter is in detail and in great length. He uses a widened vocabulary and his style is varied. He is original and open-hearted. His letter shows that he is an educated writer. This explanation to Elizabeth is a crucial piece of text because it alters the way she thinks and her feelings towards Darcy and Wickham, Her feelings as she read were scarcely to be defined. Until he writes this letter, Darcy does not show his true emotions and feelings towards people. The letter is useful to Darcy because it lets him express his feelings that have been locked up inside him. He trusts Elizabeth enough to confide in her. A complete opposite of Darcy is Mr Collins. There are many distinctive differences between them. In chapter 13 Mr Collins writes to Mr Bennet to invite himself over to Longbourn. He writes the letter so he can meet the daughters and hopefully marry one, which will make him feel better about his inheritance. It is seen as being extremely rude inviting himself, but he assumes it will be acceptable. He writes a brief and formal letter in a pompous tone to reinforce gossip. He uses words such as: honoured, pleased and grateful to grovel and show his respect, especially towards Lady Catherine de Bourgh who he thinks the world of and boasts about knowing. He thinks he is really important by boasting about his position of the Church of England, he says, As a clergyman, moreover, I feel it my duty toà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. This is an example of him flattering himself. He uses a good range of vocabulary to boast of his intellect. He is shown as being patronising towards the Bennets by saying and tha t the circumstance of my being next in the entail of Longbournà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ He likes to remind them that he will inherit their home which will make the Bennets annoyed. His letter is rushed I know this from the way he wanders around the point and does not stay focussed. From this letter it reveals that Mr Collins is already being recognised as a buffoon. Mr Collins and Lydia have similar traits. In chapter 47 Lydia writes to her friend Harriet to inform her that she is planning to secretly disappear to Gretna Green and elope with Wickham. She writes to brag, to send her apologies to Pratt for not being able to dance with him and also to ask Sally to mend a great slit in her worked muslin gown. Lydias letter does not take the plot further or introduce any new storylines. It is a very short and informal letter that is disorganised. All of the information is at random; this is proof that it has been rushed. Lydia shows no respect for the reader, she says, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦if you cannot guess who with, I shall think you a simpleton, She is also inconsiderate towards her family, she writes, You need not send them word at Longbourn of my going,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, for it will make the surprise the greater, when I write to them and sign my name Lydia Wickham. From writing this it shows Lydia to have no concern for possible consequ ences and that she is self-centred. She uses short sentences and a giddy tone, she writes, What a good joke it will be! She does not take anything seriously; everything is a big joke to her. She writes carelessly and with simple vocabulary which suggests her naivetà © and silliness. Lydias letter gets across her character as being selfish, immature, unsophisticated and definitely inconsiderate. One may think that sisters would share the same characteristics but Janes letters in chapter 46 proves that she is nothing like Lydia. Janes letters are to Elizabeth and are about Lydias unexpected elopement with Wickham to Gretna Green. Jane wrote these letters to Elizabeth to inform her of the event and to urge her to return home. Janes letters are long and detailed and are written in a more mature tone than Lydias. They are written in a formal manner. She is also informative and uses a variety of sentence lengths. She uses words such as imprudent and exigence which show her use of a more complex vocabulary. She also uses more complex sentences and a good use of commas and semi-colons for example, I am truly glad, dearest Lizzy, that you have been spared something of these distressing scenes; but now, as the first shock is over, shall I own that u long for your return? Even though she is very distressed and concerned she manages to stay pleasant towards Wickham, she says,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.I am willing to hope the best, and that his character has been misunderstood., and, My father and mother believe the worst, but I cannot think so ill of him. She is still kind even in thoughts. She uses a comforting tone towards Elizabeth because she knows that she will be distraught by the news, she writes, I am very, very sorry., and My dear Lizzyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ She is being sympathetic and a true sister! Jane uses abbreviations for places and names that she knows Lizzy will understand, these are, Mrs F. , W. and Colonel F. The letters reveal that Janes character is comforting, kind-hearted and considerate. I have learned that in Pride and Prejudice the letters are very useful because they move the plot along and introduce new storylines. They give secrecy between two characters and allow them to express their true feelings. The characters will find it much easier to reveal their thoughts more intimately in a letter then saying it in person. Most importantly they allow us to see what the letter reveals about the writers character and give us a better understanding for their actions and behaviour. By Alana Holmes